茶碗筆記 vol.20 德川美術館：刷毛目茶碗 銘「白波」 - Tokugawa Museum, ‘Shiranami’ Hakeme Tea Bowl

刷毛目茶碗 銘「白波」

這是一件小巧的刷毛目茶碗。外側釉藥較薄，而內側則可見到除見込（碗心）以外，以鮮明有力的白釉刷毛目為主體。其銘「白波」，應是因刷毛揮掃的氣勢，讓人聯想到白浪飛濺、浪花四散的景象而得名。口緣有一處小缺損，因此採用以其他刷毛目陶片進行修補的「呼継」（yobitsugi）技法，此修復反而成為本器的一大看點。本器由岡谷家寄贈。

刷毛目茶碗介紹

刷毛目茶碗是朝鮮王朝時期粉青沙器（Buncheong ware）中極具代表性的一類茶器。其特徵是在灰黑或褐色的胎體上，以刷毛沾取白色化粧土（白泥），快速刷掃出富有動感的白色線條，之後施透明釉燒成。刷毛留下的自然紋理，展現出率性而奔放的美感，在日本茶道中被廣泛喜愛。

相較於嚴謹規整的中國或日本瓷器，刷毛目茶碗更強調「わび・さび」（侘寂）的精神，其不規則的刷痕、白泥的厚薄變化，以及燒成後偶爾出現的自然窯變，都賦予每件作品獨一無二的個性與生命力。無論是刷毛強勁有力的「白波」類型，還是沉靜素雅的「無地刷毛目」，皆為茶人所珍視的逸品。

This is a small-sized hakeme tea bowl. The glaze on the exterior is relatively thin, while the interior displays vibrant and dynamic white hakeme brush marks, leaving the central well (mikomi) exposed. The inscription “Shiranami” (白波, White Waves) is believed to have been inspired by the vigorous, splashing motion of the brush strokes, evoking the image of white waves breaking and scattering foam. A small chip on the rim was repaired using the “yobitsugi” (call-in repair) technique with fragments of another hakeme piece, and this repair has become one of the bowl’s notable features. The bowl was donated by the Okatani family.

Introduction to Hakeme Tea Bowls

Hakeme tea bowls are among the most characteristic and beloved types of Buncheong ware (粉青沙器) produced during the Joseon dynasty in Korea. They are created by applying white slip (engobe) onto a dark grey or brownish stoneware body with swift, expressive brush strokes, followed by a coating of transparent glaze and firing. The resulting natural, energetic brush marks embody a free and spontaneous aesthetic highly appreciated in the Japanese tea ceremony.

In contrast to the refined regularity of Chinese or Japanese porcelain, hakeme tea bowls strongly express the spirit of wabi-sabi. The irregular brush lines, variations in slip thickness, and occasional natural kiln effects during firing give each piece its own unique character and vitality. Whether bold and dynamic like the “Shiranami” type or quietly elegant like “muji-hakeme,” these bowls are cherished by tea practitioners as exceptional vessels for the Way of Tea.

小振りな刷毛目茶碗です。外側の釉がかりは薄いですが、内側には、見込部分を残して表した白釉の鮮やかな刷毛目を見ることができます。銘は、この刷毛の勢いから、しぶきを散らす白波が連想されたことが推測されます。口縁の1部が欠けたためか、他の刷毛目の陶片で補う「呼継」の技法が用いられ、見どころとなっています。岡谷家寄贈。

概要

作品名	刷毛目茶碗　銘 白波
作品名ふりがな	はけめちゃわん　めい　しらなみ
作者名
文化財指定
作品分類	陶磁
国	朝鮮王朝
時代	朝鮮王朝
世紀	16世紀
数量	1口
材質·技法
サイズ	高5.7　径12.8cm　高台径5.2cm