三彩筆記 vol.74 維多利亞與阿爾伯特博物館：唐三彩藍釉抱狗仕女 - V&A Museum, Sancai Blue Glaze Court Lady Holding a Dog, Tang Dynasty
在唐代（西元 618–907 年），中國貴族階層不分男女皆盛行騎馬。與男性一樣，女性也採納了其游牧鄰族的裝束，即所謂的「胡服」。這種服裝由一件突尼克式上衣（tunic）、寬鬆的長褲和高筒靴組成。事實上，胡服在 7 世紀至 8 世紀初成為了一種流行時尚，在首都長安的街頭，隨處可見身穿胡服的男女。
這是一尊施有釉料的抱狗女子陶俑。在唐代，不僅是男性，中國女性也經常被描繪成騎馬的形象。她們與男性一樣，採納了游牧鄰族的服飾，即所謂的「胡服」——包括一件束有腰帶、兩側開叉的及膝上衣，下著在腳踝處束起並塞進高筒靴的寬鬆長褲。事實上，胡服在 7 世紀和 8 世紀初的長安風靡一時。當時留存下來的影像中，常能見到成群的女性，她們有的穿著當時流行低胸款式的傳統中國長袍（漢服），有的則穿著如本品般的胡服。
此件藏品施有鈷藍色的鉛釉，這種釉料在中國自 8 世紀初開始出現。它是沿著絲綢之路從近東地區傳入的，最初的形式很可能是玻璃凸圓面寶石（cabochons）。在當時，只需將其磨成粉末，並與鉛釉原料混合熔塊化（fritted），即可製成現成的藍釉使用。與此相對，衣領上的琥珀色（黃釉）來自鐵元素，鞋子上的綠色（綠釉）則來自銅元素，這兩種著色劑早在 7 世紀就已被廣泛使用。
這位仕女手中可能抱著一隻小狗——儘管其雕塑線條較為模糊。當時在長安的貴族圈中，豢養寵物狗非常流行。西元 8 世紀中期中國最著名的女性、皇帝最寵愛的妃子楊貴妃，便以擁有一隻來自「康國（撒馬爾罕）」的小狗而聞名。據說當皇帝的對手在玩牌（此指樗蒲或雙陸等博戲）時，她會利用這隻小狗來分散對手的注意力，以便幫皇帝作弊贏球。
唐三彩的抱狗仕女十分罕見，這件器物還參與了1935年倫敦藝展，在當時的展櫃裡十分亮眼。另外，加彩的抱狗仕女也十分罕見，存世量或僅為各位數。（SACA觀察，2026.11.6）
唐三彩藍釉抱狗仕女
產地： 中國，唐代，西元 700–750 年
尺寸： 高 33 公分、寬 12 公分、深 7 公分
館藏編號： C.815-1936
文獻引用
Whitfield, Susan. 《絲綢之路：貿易、旅遊、戰爭與信仰》（The Silk Road: Trade, Travel, War and Faith）. 倫敦：大英圖書館，2004年，第240頁，圖版 174。
《中國藝術國際展覽會圖錄，1935-6年》（Catalogue of the International Exhibition of Chinese Art, 1935-6）. 倫敦：皇家藝術研究院，1935年，編號 2458。
Sancai Blue Glaze Court Lady Holding a Dog
earthenware with lead glaze
China, 700-50.
Height: 33cm
Width: 12cm
Depth: 7cm
GALLERY LABEL
(2007)
Woman holding a dog
Tang dynasty
700-750
The lapel coat with trousers was worn by both men and women during the Tang dynasty.
Earthenware with three-coloured (sancai) glaze
Museum no. C.815-1936
BIBLIOGRAPHIC REFERENCES
Whitfield, Susan. The Silk Road: Trade, Travel, War and Faith. London: The British Library, 2004, p. 240, pl. 174.
Catalogue of the International Exhibition of Chinese Art, 1935-6, London : Royal Academy of Arts, 1935 2458
During the Tang dynasty (618-907) both the men and women of the Chinese aristocracy took to horse-riding. Like the men, the women also adopted the so-called 'foreigners’ dress' (‘hufu’) of their horse-riding neighbours. It consisted of a tunic, loose trousers and high boots. Indeed the 'hufu' became the fashion in the 7th and early 8th century. Both men and women dressed in 'hufu' could be seen in the streets of the capital city Chang'an.
Glazed earthenware figure of a woman holding a dog. It was not only the men of the Chinese aristocracy who took to horse-riding; by the Tang dynasty Chinese women are often depicted on horseback. Like the men, they too adopted the dress of their horse-riding neighbours, the so-called 'foreigners dress' (hufu), consisting of a belted knee-length tunic with splits up the side worn over loose trousers gathered at the ankle and tucked into high boots. Indeed the hufu became the fashion in 7th and early 8th century Chang'an and there are many images of groups of women, some in the long traditional female Chinese robes - which were worn decollete at this period - and others in hufu such as this. This piece has a cobalt blue lead glaze which is seen in China from the beginning of the 8th century. It arrived along the Silk Road from the Near East, probably in the form of glass cabachons. These only needed to be ground down and fritted with lead glazing material to make them ready for use. The amber of the lapels was from iron and the green of her shoes from copper, both used in the 7th century. She may be holding a small dog - although the modelling is indistinct. Pet dogs were fashionable among the Chang'an aristocracy. The most famous Chinese woman of the mid-8th century, Yang Guifei, the emperor's favourite concubine, was known to have a small 'Samarkand' dog which she used to distract the emperor's opponents when they were playing cards so she could cheat on his behalf.
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