這類定窯十分有趣，是早期清宮內使用的宋元明清定窯的其中一個品種。大英博物館中，定窯的數量相當可觀，其中大部分是清宮舊藏，來自大維德爵士（Sir Percival David）的收藏；
另外，還有一位更為早期的收藏家，奧古斯都·沃拉斯頓·弗蘭克斯爵士 (Sir Augustus Wollaston Franks) 本次討論的這件定窯，就是來自弗蘭克斯爵士的收藏。
這類宋金以後致敬定窯的作品，釉面上略有不同，有些有開片（定窯罕有開片），有些器物上有縮鈾。這件定為元代的作品，以之前大都會博物館舊藏，岡倉天心收藏的器物十分類似。
This type of Ding ware is quite fascinating and represents one of the varieties used in the early Qing palace among the Song, Yuan, Ming, and Qing Ding wares. The British Museum holds a considerable number of Ding ware pieces, most of which originated from the Qing palace collection and were part of Sir Percival David’s collection.
Additionally, there was an earlier collector, Sir Augustus Wollaston Franks, whose collection also contributed to the British Museum’s holdings. The piece of Ding ware discussed here is from Sir Franks’s collection.
This type of work, which pays homage to Ding ware after the Song and Jin dynasties, shows slight variations in the glaze. Some pieces exhibit crackle patterns (which are rare in Ding ware), while others have glaze contractions on the surface. This particular piece is attributed to the Yuan dynasty and closely resembles items from the former collection of the Metropolitan Museum of Art and those collected by Okakura Tenshin.
明代 PDF 147 白釉仿定碗
自晚明至清，江西景德鎮、福建漳州及其他一些南方窯口的陶工都仿燒定窯器物。此碗鑲銅口，內部飾劃花紋飾。
生燒瓷器，劃花，模印花，透明釉 中國南方 明代，約1600-1644年
清代 PDF 180 白釉仿定碗
自晚明至清，江西景德鎮、福建漳州及其他一些南方窯口的陶工都仿燒定窯器物。此白釉碗鑲銅口，以仿早期定窯器。內底裝飾“壽”字，器壁筋線內飾卷草紋。
瓷器，模印花，透明釉，鑲銅口
可能是江西省景德鎮
清代或民國，約1700-1949年
Description
Bowl with moulded ornament in low relief on inside surface: pair of fishes in foliage, pattern of flowers and foliage and band of key pattern. Made of crazed cream Ding glazed porcelain. Mouth rim mounted with bronze band. Copy of old Fen Ding.
Museum number
Franks.12.+
Condition
The glaze is very discoloured, with a mottled appearance in places: the central interior surface remains cream, while the rest of the surface is beige. There is significant cracking around the foot ring, which is evident on both the interior and exterior. L.A.Smith, 29/09/2011.
奧古斯都·沃拉斯頓·弗蘭克斯爵士
Sir Augustus Wollaston Franks
奧古斯都·沃拉斯頓·弗蘭克斯爵士 (Sir Augustus Wollaston Franks KCB FRS FSA, 1826年3月20日–1897年5月21日) 是一位英國古物學家及博物館管理者。英國博物館的歷史學家馬喬里·凱吉爾 (Marjorie Caygill) 描述弗蘭克斯為「無疑是英國博物館歷史上最重要的收藏家，也是他那個時代最偉大的收藏家之一」。
弗蘭克斯生於日內瓦，是皇家海軍弗雷德里克·弗蘭克斯船長 (Captain Frederick Franks, R.N.) 與弗雷德里卡·安妮 (Frederica Anne) 的長子，弗雷德里卡的父親是約翰·桑德斯·塞布賴特爵士 (Sir John Saunders Sebright)。他的教父是其母親的朋友威廉·海德·沃拉斯頓 (William Hyde Wollaston)。他早年主要在羅馬和日內瓦度過。1839年9月，他進入伊頓公學 (Eton College)，在那學習至1843年。弗蘭克斯隨後在劍橋大學三一學院 (Trinity College, Cambridge) 學習，作為本科生時，他開始收藏黃銅拓片，後來捐贈給了古物學會 (Society of Antiquaries)；他也是劍橋建築學會 (Cambridge Architectural Society) 的創始成員之一，並早期加入了劍橋古物學會 (Cambridge Antiquarian Society)，同時也是雷俱樂部 (Ray Club) 的四名學生會員之一。1849年離開劍橋後，弗蘭克斯將精力投入剛成立的皇家考古研究所 (Royal Archæological Institute)，為每年大會安排展覽，奠定了其古代和中世紀藝術知識的基礎。1850年，他擔任在藝術協會 (Society of Arts) 舉辦的第一屆中世紀藝術展的秘書。
大英博物館
弗蘭克斯出生於瑞士日內瓦。1851年，他開始了在大英博物館的長期職業生涯，最初被任命為古物部助理。之後，他成為博物館首任英國與中世紀古物及民族學部的保管員（1866-1896）。通過精心收購以及捐贈自己的龐大而珍貴的收藏，弗蘭克斯大大豐富了博物館的館藏。弗蘭克斯在倫敦去世，葬於肯薩爾綠地公墓，他墓地上的紀念碑已被列為二級保護建築。
此外，弗蘭克斯還是克里斯蒂收藏 (Christy Collection) 和克里斯蒂基金會 (Christy Fund) 的受託人。從1860年代晚期開始，克里斯蒂基金對博物館的民族學和考古學收藏發展做出了重大貢獻。作為克里斯蒂收藏的受託人，弗蘭克斯經常使用克里斯蒂基金和自己的資金購買物品，這些物品後來被捐贈給了英國博物館。
弗蘭克斯向博物館捐贈了許多藏品，其中包括一批註冊於1895,0420.1至251的肖像畫。他的遺贈包含了70,000件印刷品，其中包括超過50,000張書票（區塊註冊編號為1897,1231，詳見印刷與素描部的用戶指南），貿易卡（已整合至班克斯收藏中；通常以班克斯位置編號作為註冊號碼，儘管有一小部分註冊為1983,U號碼），其他印刷品（與班克斯收藏分開保存，但與來自其他來源的印刷品一起保存）以及各類型的雜項版畫。每組物品都有其獨特的註冊編號。
個人收藏
弗蘭克斯擁有相當可觀的個人財富，用於建立一些獨特的個人收藏，既與他在博物館的收購工作相輔相成，又獨立運作。雖然他的收藏活動是獨立進行的，但在短期或長期內對英國博物館的館藏也有幫助。
他主要收藏陶瓷和中世紀藝術的珍貴物品；其中還包括許多奧克蘇斯寶藏 (Oxus Treasure) 的物品。弗蘭克斯通過印度的商人以及向亞歷山大·坎寧安 (Alexander Cunningham) 購買來充實這部分收藏。
弗蘭克斯也是古典藝術，特別是英國的羅馬遺物的權威。他於1876年在貝斯納爾格林博物館 (Bethnal Green Museum) 舉辦了一場以亞洲陶瓷為主的展覽，主要是瓷器。他還收集了日本的根付 (netsuke) 和鍔 (tsuba)，指環和飲具。他也對書票和撲克牌很感興趣，並形成了重要的收藏；與第三代德·塔布利男爵 (John Warren, 3rd Baron de Tabley) 的友誼讓他開始收集書票，他還完成了夏洛特·伊麗莎白·施萊伯 (Charlotte Elizabeth Schreiber) 關於撲克牌的參考作品。
弗蘭克斯的曾祖母莎拉·奈特 (Sarah Knight) 是英國博物館另一位富有的單身捐贈者理查德·佩恩·奈特 (Richard Payne Knight) 的表親。奧古斯都將自己對收藏的狂熱歸因於遺傳。在1983年發現的他的生平手稿中，弗蘭克斯開篇寫道：「收藏是一種遺傳病，我恐怕是不可治癒的。」
Sir Augustus Wollaston Franks KCB FRS FSA (20 March 1826 – 21 May 1897) was a British antiquarian and museum administrator. Franks was described by Marjorie Caygill, historian of the British Museum, as "arguably the most important collector in the history of the British Museum, and one of the greatest collectors of his age."
Born at Geneva, he was elder son of Captain Frederick Franks, R.N., and of Frederica Anne, daughter of Sir John Saunders Sebright. His godfather was William Hyde Wollaston, a friend of his mother. His early years were spent mainly in Rome and Geneva. In September 1839 he went to Eton College, where he remained until 1843. Franks then studied at Trinity College, Cambridge. As undergraduate he began his collection of brass rubbings, ultimately given to the Society of Antiquaries; was one of the founders of the Cambridge Architectural Society and an early member of the Cambridge Antiquarian Society; and was also one of the four student members of the Ray Club. On leaving Cambridge in 1849 Franks devoted his energies to the Royal Archæological Institute, then newly established, and laid the foundations of his knowledge of ancient and medieval art, in arranging its collections for annual congresses. In 1850 he was secretary of the first exhibition of medieval art held in the rooms of the Society of Arts.
British Museum
Born in Geneva, Switzerland. Franks's long career at the British Museum began in 1851 with his appointment as assistant in the Department of Antiquities. He went on to serve as the Museum's first Keeper of British and Medieval Antiquities and Ethnography (1866-1896). He greatly enriched the Museum's holdings through careful acquisition and the donation of his ownvast and valuable collections. Franks died in London and is buried in Kensal Green cemetery. The monument above the grave has achieved Grade II listing.
Franks was also one of the Trustees of the Christy Collection and associated Christy Fund, which from the late 1860s made major contributions to the development of the Museum's ethnographic and archaeological collections. As a Trustee of the Christy Collection, Franks often used both the Christy Fund and his his own money to acquire objects which were later presented to the British Museum.
Franks' numerous donations to the Museum included a group of portraits registered 1895,0420.1 to 251. His bequest included 70,000 items of printed ephemera including over 50,000 bookplates (block registered under 1897,1231 - see User's Guide to the Department of Prints and Drawings), trade cards (integrated into the Banks collection; as they are identified by the Banks location number that has usually been kept as a registration number, although a small group was registered with 1983,U numbers), other printed ephemera (kept separately from the Banks collection, but with ephemera from other sources) and miscellaneous prints of various kinds. Each group of objects has its own form of registration number.
Personal Collecting
Franks had a substantial personal fortune, which he used to build up some remarkable personal collections in parallel with his museum work on acquisitions. Though this activity was as an independent collector, it was of benefit also to the holdings of the British Museum, either in the short or longer term.
It was largely devoted to the collection of ceramics and precious objects of medieval art; it also included many items from the Oxus Treasure, and Franks built up that side of his collection through dealers in India and by purchase from Alexander Cunningham.
Franks was also an authority on classical art, especially Roman remains in Britain.[5] He set up an exhibition of his Asian ceramics, mainly porcelain, at the Bethnal Green Museum in 1876. He collected netsuke and tsuba from Japan, finger rings and drinking vessels. He was interested too in bookplates and playing-cards, of both of which he formed important collections;[5] the friendship of John Warren, 3rd Baron de Tabley led him to bookplates, and he completed the reference work of Charlotte Elizabeth Schreiber on playing cards.
Franks' great-grandmother, Sarah Knight, was a cousin of Richard Payne Knight, another wealthy bachelor benefactor of the British Museum. Augustus blamed his obsessive collecting on his genes. In a manuscript account of his life, which was discovered in 1983, Franks began, "Collecting is a hereditary disease, and I fear incurable."
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