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三彩筆記 vol.71 維多利亞與阿爾伯特博物館:唐三彩藍釉兔耳萬年短流罐,1935年倫敦藝展 - V&A Museum, Blue-Glazed Rabbit-Lug Wannian Short-Spout Jar, Tang Dynasty

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Dark blue ceramic jar with three small spouts, worn glaze, on a plain gray background.

這件唐三彩藍釉兔耳萬年短流罐曾於1935年倫敦藝展展出,編號2486,現藏英國倫敦V&A博物館。這件器物有三個看點:1、純藍釉十分罕見;2、兔耳罐存世量也較少;3、帶有流,可參考公主墓出土白釉帶流罐。三個特點結合起來,讓這件器物時過近百年仍十分重要。曾為東方陶瓷學會創始人喬治·尤摩弗帕勒斯(George Eumorfopoulos)舊藏,1936年售予維多利亞與阿爾伯特博物館。(SACA觀察,2026.11.6)


唐鞏縣窯白釉帶流壺-甘肅省武威市弘化公主墓出土 甘肅省博物館藏 Off-white ceramic jug with small side spout, worn surface, photographed against a plain gray background.

唐鞏縣窯白釉帶流壺,高40.5公分、口徑12公分、底徑12.3公分,甘肅省武威市弘化公主墓出土,甘肅省博物館藏


弘化公主(622年-698年)是初唐至武周國際政治與物質文化交融的樞紐化身。她本為高祖李淵一系的宗室近親之女,貞觀十四年(640年)以「太宗親生女」的帝女規格遠嫁吐谷渾青海王慕容諾曷缽,開啟了大唐開國和親之先河。她一生歷經太宗、高宗、武周三朝,隨封號由「弘化」到「西平」的政治流變(武則天甚至賜其姓武),反映了長安權力洗牌對西域邊政的深刻投射。在吐谷渾舉族被吐蕃擊敗、流寓涼州(今甘肅武威)的三十年間,她宛如一個強大的中原文化母體,將唐代宮廷禮制與喪葬習俗徹底植入慕容王族的血脈中。


而這種對中原頂級物質文化的執念,最直觀的歷史實物莫過於其墓中出土的唐鞏縣窯白釉帶流壺(現藏於甘肅省博物館)。這件器物通高40.5公分、口徑12公分、底徑12.3公分,採用小口外卷沿、圓飽豐滿的腹部以及平底造型,肩部斜置一管狀短流。其器身通體施白釉且不及底,釉面光潤,並泛著精細的冰裂紋,局部更有承襲自中原「北白」先驅的白色化妝土。


作為開元中「河南貢白瓷」的絕對主角,這件原產自河南鞏縣的瓷壺,極有可能是弘化公主當年從長安大明宮帶往西域深處的珍貴御用品。




唐三彩藍釉兔耳萬年短流罐

中國,唐代,八世紀

粉白陶,鈷藍鉛釉

高:12.1 厘米

C.808-1936

ex-Eumorfopoulos


器腹寬卵形,短頸,口微侈,平底,底有旋輪痕跡,口沿經修整。肩部一側出短流,對側及旁側置兩隻兔形繫耳,耳上穿孔以便穿繩。肩部亦有旋痕。胎為粉白色陶土,通體施鈷藍釉。


此器屬唐代鉛釉陶中的萬年罐類型,通體單色鈷藍釉較為少見。鈷料珍貴,施於鉛釉可呈濃鬱藍色澤,是中國陶瓷使用鈷料的早期實例。兔形繫耳為唐器常見裝飾,兼具懸掛功能與吉祥寓意。


此器曾展於1935–1936年倫敦皇家藝術學院「中國藝術國際展覽會」(圖錄編號2486)。1936年由藝術基金(Art Fund)、Vallentin遺贈、大維德爵士及大學中國委員會聯合資助購藏。現陳列於陶瓷館第137室。


Blue-Glazed Rabbit-Lug Wannian Short-Spout Jar

Chinese, Tang dynasty, 8th century

Pinkish-white earthenware with cobalt-blue lead glaze

Height: 12.1 cm


The vessel has a wide ovoid body, a short neck with a slightly spreading lip, and a flat base with incised wheel-rings and a trimmed edge. A short spout projects from the shoulder; two rabbit-form lugs, each pierced for a cord, are set on the shoulder. Additional wheel-rings appear on the shoulder. The pinkish-white earthenware body is covered with a cobalt-blue lead glaze.


This belongs to the Tang wannian jar type of lead-glazed earthenware. Monochrome cobalt-blue glaze is relatively rare; cobalt was costly, and its use here represents an early application of the colourant in Chinese ceramics. The rabbit-form lugs serve both a practical suspension function and an auspicious decorative purpose.

The vessel was exhibited in the International Exhibition of Chinese Art, Royal Academy of Arts, London, 1935–36 (catalogue no. 2486). It was acquired by the V&A in 1936 with the support of the Art Fund, the Vallentin Bequest, Sir Percival David, and the Universities China Committee. It is currently on display in Ceramics, Room 137.


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