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漢代筆記 vol.24 洛克菲勒三世收藏:漢代青銅馬,紐約亞洲協會,1968年購自斯帕克 - Rockefeller Collection, Asia Society, Han Dynasty Bronze Horse, Acquired from John Sparks in 1968

  • Writer: SACA
    SACA
  • Dec 31, 2025
  • 2 min read
Bronze horse figurine on a red marble base, against a white background. The sculpture has a rustic finish and a sturdy stance.

本件青銅馬體量雖小,但其比例與造型,顯然與東漢墓葬中出土的大型陶馬、木雕馬與青銅馬俑一脈相承。此類微型青銅動物形象,並非單純的縮尺製作,而是與墓葬觀念、隨葬體系及對馬匹軍事與象徵意義的重視密切相關,反映出漢代社會對騎乘文化與軍事力量的高度關注。


Although small in size, this bronze figure of a horse relates in proportion to the much larger ceramic, wood and bronze tomb figures found in Eastern Han period tombs.



漢代青銅馬

中國青銅

高 2 3/8 英寸,長 2 1/8 英寸,寬 5/8 英寸(6 × 5.4 × 1.6 公分)

紐約亞洲協會藏約翰·D·洛克菲勒三世伉儷舊藏,館藏編號 1979.106

來源(Provenance)

約翰·D·洛克菲勒三世(John D. Rockefeller III),紐約;

1968 年 7 月購自 John Sparks Ltd.(倫敦)

1979 年由洛克菲勒三世遺贈予亞洲協會,紐約


約在西元前六世紀前後,中國北方邊疆出現以騎馬為主的遊牧族群,對中原世界的軍事形態帶來根本性的衝擊。儘管步兵仍然是中國軍隊的核心力量,但為了應對遊牧民族所具備的高速與機動性,騎兵的發展逐漸成為不可或缺的軍事要素。


至漢代,尤其在漢武帝(在位西元前 140–86 年)時期,朝廷多次向西域派遣使節與軍事行動,於大宛地區——即今日烏茲別克、塔吉克與吉爾吉斯一帶——接觸到一種體格與性能皆顯著優於中原本地馬種的新型良馬。此類「大宛馬」以其強健與迅捷聞名,且大量輸入中原,令當時中國社會為之驚嘆,並迅速成為繪畫與雕塑中反覆出現的重要題材。



Han Dynasty Bronze Horse

China

Bronze

H. 2 3/8 x L. 2 1/8 x W. 5/8 in. (6 x 5.4 x 1.6 cm)

Asia Society, New York: Mr. and Mrs. John D. Rockefeller 3rd Collection, 1979.106

Provenance

John D. Rockefeller 3rd, New York, NY; acquired from John Sparks, Ltd., London, July 1968.

The Asia Society, New York, NY, bequest of John D. Rockefeller 3rd, New York, NY, 1979.


The advent of horse-riding nomads on China's northern frontiers around the 6th century B.C.E. heralded a revolution in warfare. Although infantry continued to be the mainstay of armies within China, the development of cavalry was essential to combat the speed and mobility of hostile nomad incursions. Expeditions sent westwards during the reign of Emperor Wudi (reigned 140 - 86 B.C.E.) of the Han dynasty encountered in Ferghana (part of present-day Uzbekistan, Tajikistan, and Kyrgyzstan) a new breed of horse, superior to the native Chinese horse. The strength and speed of Ferghanan horses, imported in large quantities, amazed the Chinese, and became a favorite theme of painters and sculptors.漢代

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