青銅筆記 vol.26 北京故宮博物院：清宮舊藏，商晚期山婦觶 - Imperial Palace Collection, Shang Dynasty Bronze Vessel of Shan Fu Zhi

《礼记·礼器》中记载：尊者舉觶，卑者舉角。觶的級別不言而喻，絕對存世量上並不多。

山婦觶 商代晚期

故00077448

山婦觶，通高17.5釐米，口徑8.6釐米，重0.66kg。

觶侈口，束頸，鼓腹，圈足。有蓋，蓋頂有一菌狀鈕。鈕上飾火紋，蓋面飾乳丁雷紋一周，頸、足部飾夔龍紋。

器內底有銘文“山婦”二字。“山婦”即“婦山”，表明此器的所有者是以“山”之族名作為自己私名的一位貴族身份的婦人？

參考：

拍賣筆記 vol.194 佳士得紐約：羅振玉，西周早期青銅觶，2023年220萬元人民幣成交 - Luo Zhenyu, A Western Zhou Bronze Vessel of Zhi with Cover

青銅筆記 vol.25 台北故宮博物院：乾隆舊藏，西周弦紋觶，乾隆「吉笵流輝」銅器匣所儲銅器 - Emperor Qianlong, Western Zhou Bronze Vessel of Zhi, Part of the ‘Ji Fan Liu Hui’ Set Form by Emperor Qianlong

Bronze Zhi Vessel, Late Shang Dynasty

Museum Number: 故00077448

Height: 17.5 cm

Mouth diameter: 8.6 cm

Weight: 0.66 kg

喜龍仁：中國5-14世紀的佛像 - Chinese Sculpture from 5-15 Century

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This zhi vessel features a flared mouth, constricted neck, swollen belly, and a splayed ring foot. The vessel is fitted with a lid, which is topped by a mushroom-shaped knob adorned with flame motifs. The surface of the lid is encircled with a band of nipple-boss leiwen (thunder pattern), while the neck and foot are decorated with stylized kui dragon motifs.

An inscription reading “Shan Fu” (山婦) is cast into the interior base of the vessel. “Shan Fu” is to be interpreted as “Lady of the Shan Clan” (Fu Shan), indicating that the vessel belonged to a noblewoman whose personal name or identity was formed by taking her clan name, “Shan,” as a prefix. The inscription attests to her aristocratic status during the late Shang period.