拍賣筆記 vol.363 蘇富比香港2026，宋代吉州窰剪紙貼梅花茶碗 - Sotheby‘s HK 2026, A Jizhou 'Papercut' 'Prunus' Bowl, Song Dynasty

梅花盞自古以來即以「梅花盞」之名流傳，在日本傳世茶碗的記錄中，其名稱從未改變。近年來，隨著學術知識的進步與人工智慧的普及，過去依賴不科學的孤例，強行將梅花盞冠以「詹樸花」之名的錯誤做法，終於得到糾正。一個錯誤的觀點不僅會阻礙學術進步，更會造成長期誤解，使認知停滯不前，這正是吉州窯研究目前所面臨的困境之一。在部分商販不嚴謹的論證與宣傳下，吉州窯的整體分類體系已出現相當程度的混亂。

此類器物乃刻意保留護胎釉，以致敬建窯茶碗的鐵胎特徵。其尺寸一般在12–13厘米左右的「大號」茶碗，多採用此種留護胎釉的做法（而非掛釉到底），需搭配天目台（盞托）使用。至於尺寸較小、約11厘米的黑釉茶盞，則多為掛釉到底之作，此類通常無需搭配天目台。根據數據統計，小朵梅花通常更多出現在大尺寸的茶碗中，另有一種做工更精細的品種，護胎釉滿釉（含高台底）。

吉州窯梅花盞以傳世品為上，未被茶道使用過的出土品則其次。其釉面光澤可分為兩類：一類燒成溫度較高，呈現玻化狀態，釉面潤澤明亮；另一類則為啞光效果，猶如大漆般溫潤沉靜，此類釉面乃柴窯特定溫度條件下所形成，至今仍難以被現代工藝完全複製。

The “Plum Blossom Bowl” (Meihua Bowl) has been known by this name since Song Dynasty. In the records of Japanese heirloom tea bowls, its name has never been changed but recorded as Plum Blossom bowl. In recent years, with the advancement of scholarly knowledge and the widespread use of artificial intelligence, the long-standing erroneous practice—based on unscientific isolated examples—of forcibly labeling the Plum Blossom Bowl as “Zhan Pu Hua” has finally been corrected. A single erroneous viewpoint can hinder academic progress, create lasting misconceptions, and cause cognitive stagnation. This is precisely one of the challenges currently facing the study of Jizhou Kiln wares. Due to the flawed and unsubstantiated arguments propagated by certain dealers, the overall classification system of Jizhou Kiln ceramics has fallen into considerable confusion.

These vessels were deliberately left with a protective body glaze in homage to the iron-rich body of Jian Kiln tea bowls. Large-sized bowls, generally measuring 12–13 cm in diameter, commonly employ this technique of retaining the protective glaze (rather than applying glaze all the way to the foot). Such bowls were intended to be used in conjunction with a temmoku stand (zhan tuo). In contrast, the smaller black-glazed bowls, approximately 11 cm in diameter, are mostly fully glazed to the foot and typically do not require a stand.

Among Jizhou Kiln plum blossom bowls, heirloom examples are considered the finest, followed by excavated items with no tea ceremony records. Their glaze surfaces fall into two distinct types: one, fired at a higher temperature, exhibits a vitrified, lustrous, and moist appearance; the other presents a matte, lacquer-like finish, soft and serene. The latter effect was achieved under specific temperature conditions in wood-fired kilns, a quality that remains extremely difficult for modern craftsmen to replicate.

宋 吉州窰剪紙貼梅花紋盌

A Jizhou 'papercut' 'prunus' bowl, Song dynasty

Estimate

350,000 - 600,000 HKD

12.5 cm

此盌為江西吉州窰創新裝飾技法之經典佳作。盌內壁採用著名的稱剪紙貼花技法，先施深褐色底釉，貼上經處理的梅花剪紙，再罩以淺色玳瑁斑釉，入窰焙燒而成。

大部分吉州窰剪紙貼花器因釉料在高溫焙燒過程中熔融流動，往往導致紋飾邊緣模糊暈散；然而此盌之梅花剪影卻分外鮮明，邊界銳利。此乃窰火與漏花技法控制極佳之明證，使深邃的梅花與溫潤斑斕的底釉形成強烈對比，盡顯匠人高超造詣。

梅花傲雪迎春，象徵堅韌與高潔，深受宋代文人雅士青睞。此類茶盞在宋代點茶文化中備受推崇，其深色釉面能將擊拂而成的白色茶沫襯托得更為奪目，極具文人雅趣。

Catalogue Note

This striking bowl is a fine example of the innovative decorative techniques developed by the Jizhou kilns in Jiangxi province during the Song dynasty. The interior is decorated using the celebrated paper-cut resist technique, where treated paper cut-outs of prunus florets were affixed to the interior over a dark iron-brown glaze, before a lighter, mottled russet glaze was applied and fired.

What distinguishes the present bowl is the exceptional crispness of the prunus motifs. While many Jizhou paper-cut wares exhibit blurred outlines due to the movement and vitrification of the glazes during firing, the silhouettes of the blossoms on this vessel are remarkably sharp and well-defined. This highly successful firing resulted in a striking visual contrast between the dark, unyielding florets and the warm, variegated ground, showcasing the potter’s exacting control over the resist technique and kiln atmosphere.

The prunus, blooming bravely in the harsh winter, was a favoured motif among Song literati, symbolising resilience and scholarly purity. Such bowls would have been highly appreciated during tea gatherings, where the dark interior would beautifully offset the white foam of whipped tea.