拍賣筆記 vol.198 蘇富比紐約:小林斗盦,商代甲骨刻辭三十四例,2015年87.4萬美元售予龍美術館 - A Group Of Thirty-Four Oracle Bones With Inscriptions Shang Dynasty, Sold for 874,000 USD in 2015 to Long Museum
- SACA
- May 31
- 5 min read

2015年87.4萬美元成交,約人民幣630萬元。這套傳承顯赫,來自日本著名書法家小林斗盦收藏的甲骨文如今歸上海龍美術館收藏,並在「天下大觀」展覽中展出。
牛胛骨十八片,龜甲十六片,刻辭屬於賓組、出組、何組、黃組;即所謂村北派;內容包括週祭、求雨,祭牲、征伐,出獵,及習刻。

甲骨文最早發現於十九世紀末;王懿榮(1845-1900)據說是最早收藏甲骨的學者。自上世紀二十年代殷墟考古開始後,甲骨文連同安陽出土遺跡遺物成為研究復原中國早期歷史的不可缺少的資料。 目前,商代甲骨留存超過了十萬片,但絕大部分都在公共博物館,私人收藏罕見。
這一組甲骨早年流到日本,為著名篆刻家小林斗盦所收藏。日本學者松丸道雄1960年代就對它們做過初步整理。成果為中國社會科學院歷史研究所編纂大型工具書《甲骨文合集》時所參用。這次我們把松丸道雄先生的整理全面發表,對學界系統了解這批珍貴的甲骨資料有重要意義。

商代, 公元前十三至十一世紀 甲骨刻辭三十四例
估價
400,000 - 600,000 USD
已售出
874,000 USD
來源
小林斗盦舊藏
日本私人收藏
出版
松丸道雄,《日本散見甲骨文字匯集(二)》,《甲骨學》第八號,日本甲骨學會會刊,1960年,頁173,180-183
《小林斗盦舊作品集》,東京,1975年,頁12
松丸道雄,《日本匯儲の殷墟出土甲骨にっいて》,《東洋文化研究所紀要》第八十六冊,東京大學,1981年,頁15
中國社會科學院歷史研究所,《甲骨文合集》, 1978-1982年,北京中華書局

小林鬥盦(名庸浩,齋號懷玉印室,1916-2007年),日本當代書法篆刻大師,曾師從石井雙石、比田井天來、加藤常賢等名家,廣泛涉獵篆刻、書法、文字學等領域。
他在創作與研究之外,還收藏了大量的中國文物,其中包括印譜、古印、書畫等。2003-2004年,小林先生將自己收藏的423部印譜及相關資料捐贈給東京國立博物館。

釋文
1(合集 39913):
庚申卜,爭,貞,乎伐方受…。四
貞,弗其得。一
一. 二
背:貞,人品…
骨臼刻辭:
2 (合集 39743):
庚戌卜,, …
小告。 一
小告。一
3 (合集 41509):
貞,勿令戈人
4(合集 40192):
…戌卜…豭…龔司…
5 (合集 39814):
甲戌【卜】,史…燕…吉。
…雨。
6 (合集未收):
貞,弗其…
背:乙亥卜…
7 (合集 41518):
…王寅…
8 (合集 40655):
三.告。
二.不玄冥。
一。
告。
七。
9 (合集 40614):
癸酉…束…𧉘我。
祭,弗𧉘,企。
10 (合集 39748):
辛酉,史…今夕亡…
11(合集 40951):
甲… 貞,祡…
甲… 貞…
乙巳卜,行,貞,王賓祖乙,歲三牢,暨小乙,歲三牢,亡尤。一
…巳卜,行…王賓…亡尤。一
12(合集 41034):
貞…【亡】尤。
辛酉卜,尹,貞,王出亡【尤】。
貞,亡尤,在六月。二
13(合集 41176):
…卜,喜,【貞,王】賓…福…𡆥。
丙…卜…貞…出…𡆥。
14 (合集 41432):
癸卯... 貞,旬亡【𡆥】。
…喜…
15 (合集 41191):
…貞…
…賓... 遹...
16(合集 40538):
…翌甲…衣至于…亡𧉘。
17(合集 41104):
貞,今…不其雨。
…丙…貞…
18(合集 41275):
…亡尤…三月。
19(合集未收):
貞,…尤。二
…亡尤。
20(合集 41089):
…卯卜…在三月。
21(合集 41416):
辛酉卜,寧,貞,王賓夕…
22(合集 41443):
丁酉…貞,今…𡆥。一
…一
23 (合集 41514):
王其淒,湄日不冓大雨。
…雨。
24(合集 41678):
乙酉,貞,丙亡𡆥。
丙子,貞,丁亡𡆥。
【丁】丑,【貞】,戌【亡】𡆥。
25(合集 41703):
…亡…祭…
癸丑,王卜,貞,旬亡𡆥,在五月,甲寅餉小甲,協大甲。
癸丑,王卜,貞,旬亡𡆥,甲子祭戔甲,協小甲,在六月。一
癸丑,王卜,貞,旬亡𡆥,王占曰吉,在六月,甲戌祭羌甲,餉戔甲。一
26(合集 41940):
癸未卜,…王旬亡𡆥。二
癸未卜,貞,王旬亡𡆥。二
癸未卜,貞,王旬亡𡆥。二
癸未卜,貞,王旬亡𡆥。二
27 (合集 41924):
癸未卜,貞,王旬亡𡆥。
癸未卜,貞,王旬亡𡆥。
癸未卜,貞,王旬亡𡆥。
28(合集未收):
貞,王鄪…
29(合集未收):
貞,王鄪…
30(合集 41797):
…七牛。
惠騂。
31(合集 41792):
…卜,貞,其牢…
惠兹…
32(合集未收):
…卜,貞,其…
33 (合集 40558):
吉。
34 (習刻。合集未收片):
吉。
王。
暨五牢。
擒。
曰。

A Group Of Thirty-Four Oracle Bones With Inscriptions Shang Dynasty
Chinese Stripe-Neck Turtle, Short Horn Water Buffalo
of varied sizes and forms, eighteen of ox scapulae and sixteen turtle shells, all inscribed with characters, some with cut hollows, burn marks and cracks
Provenance
Collection of Kobayashi Toan (1916-2007).
Private Japanese collection.

Literature
Matsumaru Michio, “Collections of Oracle Bone Inscriptions in Japan—Part 2”, Oracle Bones Studies, no. 8, 1960, p. 173, 180-83.
Works by Kobayashi Toan, Tokyo, 1975, p. 12.
Matsumaru Michio, “Collections of Shang Oracle Bones in Japan”, Bulletin of the Institute for Oriental Studies, Tokyo University, Oracle Bones Studies, no. 86, 1981, p. 15.
Institute of History, CASS, Compendium of Oracle Bone Inscriptions, Beijing, 1978-82.
Condition
The bones are in the normal condition one would expect from objects of the age. For buyers who are interested in this lot and want further information, please speak to Dr. Tao Wang at 212-606-7332.
In response to your inquiry, we are pleased to provide you with a general report of the condition of the property described above. Since we are not professional conservators or restorers, we urge you to consult with a restorer or conservator of your choice who will be better able to provide a detailed, professional report. Prospective buyers should inspect each lot to satisfy themselves as to condition and must understand that any statement made by Sotheby's is merely a subjective qualified opinion.

Catalogue Note
The oracle bone inscriptions (jiaguwen; literally: writings on shells and bones) are the earliest surviving writing systems in China. They were first discovered at Anyang, the last capital of the Shang dynasty (c. 1300-1046,also known as Yinxu, ‘ruins of the Yin’) at the end of the 19th and beginning of the 20th century, and have since become a major subject in Chinese history and archaeology.
There are over 100,000 fragments of oracle bone inscriptions (OBI) in various public collections. The contents of the inscriptions are mostly related to divination, and a typical example includes four parts; a) the preface (xuci), b) the charge (mingci), c) the prognostication (zhanci), and d) the verification (yanci). However, because the majority of the bones found are fragmentary, scholars can only read what is left and make reasoned guess as to the missing parts. A few of the examples are related to particular events, such as hunting trips, records of ceremonies and warfare, or sometime as the scribe's writing exercises.

Though not fully standardized, OBI is a mature writing system. The style of writing varies in different periods, and from different diviners’ groups. During the late Shang period, there were many diviners working under different kings, and some royal princes and relatives also employed diviners and scribes. Inscriptions were first written with brush together with black or red pigments on the surface of the cracked bone, then incised with a bronze or jade knife. In the OBI, we can see more pictographic elements than in the later scripts. The tradition of writing on bones continued from the Shang dynasty into the early Western Zhou period, but soon disappeared. Nonetheless, OBI are the direct ancestors of all the later forms of Chinese writing.
The present group comprises thirty-four pieces, thirty-two of them are divination texts and two scribes' exercises. The contents range from ancestral worship, warfare, weather, to royal hunts. They belonged to the Bin, Chu, He and Huang diviner groups, representing all different periods of the Shang royal house at Yinxu.
Professor Matsumaru Michio has studied these inscriptions and numbered them with hand copies and ink rubbings, illustrated here.

Commentaires