宋代筆記 vol.153 洛克菲勒收藏：磁州窯白地剔黑花梅瓶，亞洲協會、埃斯肯納齊經手 - John D. Rockefeller III, Asia Society, Eskenazi, Cizhou Sgraffito Meiping Vase

此件磁州窯梅瓶，器身以剔黑花技法裝飾牡丹花葉，構圖飽滿有力，線條沉著而富節奏感。剔黑花（sgraffito）為陶瓷裝飾中工序最為繁複、耗時亦最長者之一，其技術難度遠高於單純黑彩或刻劃裝飾。

製作時，工匠先於灰白色胎體外施一層白色化妝土（白色泥漿），再覆以一層黑色化妝土；隨後以利器在黑色表層中刻劃出紋樣輪廓，並將多餘部分剔除，使下層白地顯露，形成鮮明的黑白對比。紋樣完成後，通體（圈足除外）施以一層薄而略帶乳白色調的透明釉，經高溫燒成，最終呈現出沉穩而富層次的視覺效果。

西方學界多將此類器形概稱為「vase（花瓶）」，然而從中國陶瓷器形史與實用功能來看，此類器物更可能為盛酒與斟酌用的酒器，而非純粹陳設之器。其器形屬於「梅瓶」（meiping），為中國陶瓷史中最具代表性且延續時間最長的器形之一，自宋以降歷代反覆採用，並在不同窯口與裝飾技法中演繹出多樣面貌。

就本件而言，厚實的胎體、奔放而不失控制的剔刻線條，以及成熟的構圖安排，皆顯示其並非一般民窯的粗製之作，而是十二世紀磁州窯系中，技術與審美已臻成熟階段的重要實例。

英國鐵路基金會專場，蘇富比1989年12月12日 - British Railway Pension Fund Sotheby's 1989 Dec 12th

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The powerfully rendered peony flowers and leaves decorating this sturdy Cizhou bottle were produced using the sgraffito technique, which is one of the most complicated and laborious methods of decoration in ceramic technology.

Although Western scholars have generally described vessels in this shape as "vases," they were most likely bottles used for storing and serving wine. In this case, the light gray body of the vessel was first coated with a white mixture of water and clay (known as a slip), which was then covered with a black slip. After the outlines of the design were incised into the black slip, portions of the top layer were shaved away to reveal the white underneath.

Finally, when the decoration was complete, the entire body (except for the foot) was coated with a thin, slightly whitish transparent glaze. The shape of this bottle, which is known as a meiping, is one of the most popular forms in the history of Chinese ceramics and was used for centuries.

磁州窯白地剔黑花梅瓶

十二世紀中國北方

石質胎，白地剔黑花裝飾，施透明釉（磁州窯系，或可歸於修武或磁州一帶）

高 31.8 公分，口徑 21.6 公分

紐約亞洲協會 Asia Society，紐約洛克斐勒三世夫婦捐贈收藏，1979.141

來源（Provenance）

John D. Rockefeller III，紐約1977 年購自倫敦 Eskenazi Ltd.

1979 年捐贈予亞洲協會

Cizhou Sgraffito Meiping Vase

12th century

North China

Stoneware with sgraffito design in slip under glaze (Cizhou ware, probably from Xiuwu or Cizhou)

H. 12 1/2 x Diam. 8 1/2 in. (31.8 x 21.6 cm)

Asia Society, New York: Mr. and Mrs. John D. Rockefeller 3rd Collection, 1979.141

Provenance

John D. Rockefeller 3rd, New York, NY, acquired Eskenazi Ltd., London, in 1977.

The Asia Society, New York, NY, bequest of John D. Rockefeller 3rd, New York, NY, 1979.