茶碗筆記 vol.23 藤田美術館:千道安瀬戸黒茶碗 - Fujita Museum, Sen Doan Setoguro Tea Bowl, Momoyama Period
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收納箱蓋表書付「道安 平茶碗」,相傳為千利休長男道安(どうあん,1546–1607)所持。
瀬戸黒是桃山時代在美濃(今岐阜縣)燒造的茶碗。施以鐵釉後,在燒成過程中從窯中取出急速冷卻,從而發色出帶有光澤的黑色。當時美濃窯與瀬戸窯(愛知縣)並未嚴格區分,統稱為「瀬戸」,故有此名。以轆轤成型,局部再以手捏變形。腰部位置偏高,自高台脇至高台處以橢圓形手法刮去釉藥,露出素胎。
道安瀬戸黒茶碗
どうあんせとぐろちゃわん
Dōan Setoguro Tea Bowl
桃山時代 16–17世紀
高度:7.1 cm
口徑:13.7 cm
高台徑:6.1 cm
藤田美術館
千道安(せんのどうあん,1546–1607),初名紹安,後改道安,號可休齋、不休齋、眠翁等,是千利休(千宗易)的嫡長子與實子。生母為利休先妻寶心妙樹(法名,卒於天正五年/1577年;俗名一說為お稲)。
作為堺千家的繼承人,道安自幼承父習茶,技藝精湛,被稱為妙手,並與同齡的義弟千少庵(1546–1614,後妻宗恩之連れ子,後為利休養子及女婿)一同仕於豐臣秀吉,名列茶頭八人眾。母歿後利休再婚,道安與父親關係一度不睦,年輕時曾離家出走,後雖和解,但與少庵終生不合,從未同席茶會。
1591年利休切腹後,道安被連坐蟄居(一說託付於飛驒金森長近),約文祿三年(1594)獲赦歸堺,繼承堺千家家督。其後又應細川三齋(忠興)之招,於慶長六年(1601)出仕,受豐前三百石知行。道安無嗣,堺千家於其歿後斷絕;其茶風被稱為「剛」之茶,與少庵「柔」之茶相對,透過門人影響後世武家茶道一脈。


Dōan Setoguro Tea Bowl
どうあんせとぐろちゃわん
Dōan Setoguro Tea Bowl
Momoyama period, 16th–17th century
Height: 7.1 cm
Mouth diameter: 13.7 cm
Foot diameter: 6.1 cm
Fujita Museum
Setoguro refers to tea bowls produced in Mino (present-day Gifu Prefecture) during the Momoyama period. Vessels coated with iron glaze were withdrawn from the kiln during firing and rapidly cooled, producing a lustrous black surface. At the time, the Mino and Seto (Aichi Prefecture) kilns were not strictly distinguished and were collectively called “Seto,” which accounts for the name.
The bowl was thrown on the wheel and then partially distorted by hand. The waist is set high; from the area beside the foot down to the foot itself, the glaze has been scraped away in an oval shape, exposing the clay body. The lid of the storage box is inscribed “Dōan hirachawan” (Dōan’s flat tea bowl), and the piece is traditionally said to have been owned by Dōan (1546–1607), eldest son of Sen no Rikyū.
Sen no Dōan (1546–1607), originally named Shōan (or Jōan) and later known by the sobriquets Kakyūsai, Fukyūsai, and Men’ō, was the eldest legitimate son and biological heir of Sen no Rikyū (Sen Sōeki). His mother was Rikyū’s first wife, Hōshin Myōju (d. 1577; also referred to in some accounts as Oina). As successor to the Sakai Sen house, Dōan trained under his father and rose to become one of Toyotomi Hideyoshi’s eight tea masters (sadō hachininshū), serving alongside his contemporary and stepbrother Sen no Shōan (1546–1614; son of Rikyū’s second wife Soon by a previous marriage, later adopted by Rikyū and married to one of his daughters). After his mother’s death and Rikyū’s remarriage, relations with his father cooled and he left home in his youth, though they later reconciled; lifelong discord with Shōan, however, meant the two never attended the same tea gatherings. Following Rikyū’s forced seppuku in 1591, Dōan was placed under confinement (one account places him under the care of Kanamori Nagachika of Hida). Pardoned around Bunroku 3 (1594), he returned to Sakai and assumed headship of the Sakai Senke. In 1601 he was invited by Hosokawa Sansai (Tadaoki) to serve as tea master with a stipend of 300 koku in Buzen. Dōan left no heirs, and the Sakai Sen line ended with him. His tea style, characterized as “strong” or “dynamic” (gō) in contrast to Shōan’s “soft” (jū) approach, continued to influence warrior-class tea traditions through his disciples.
道安瀬戸黒茶碗
どうあんせとぐろちゃわん
Dōan Setoguro Tea Bowl
桃山時代 16~17世紀
高さ7.1cm 口径13.7cm 高台径6.1cm藤田美術館
瀬戸黒とは桃山時代に美濃(岐阜県)でつくられた茶碗です。鉄釉をかけた器を焼成中に窯から引き出して急冷させ、艶のある黒色を発色させます。かつては美濃窯と瀬戸窯(愛知県)を区別せず、ひとくくりに瀬戸と呼んでいたため、このような呼称になっています。
ろくろで成形し、一部を手で歪めています。腰の位置が高く、高台脇から高台にかけて楕円形に釉薬を掛け外し、素地が露出しています。収納箱の蓋表には「道安 平茶碗」と書付があり、千利休の長男・道安(どうあん、1546~1607)が所持していたと伝えます。
瀬戸としては興味ある作風の茶碗であります。この茶碗の箱の蓋表に 「道安平茶碗」と記されていますが、道安は利休の長男であり、このような異形の茶碗を道安好みとしているのはまことに興味深い。他に例を見ない形であります。






























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