蕎麥茶碗 銘「夏月」
夏月 蕎麥茶碗
本阿弥光悦所持
此茶碗屬於井戶茶碗之列，據說與井戶茶碗一同燒製。然而，其造型與姿態明顯反映了茶人的喜好，因此也可視為一種廣義上的「御木」。
蕎麥茶碗在形態上具有顯著特色：高臺直立，腰部下方略微鼓起，胴部微微收縮，再向外大幅張開，口沿略向內收攏。其銘為「夏月」，因釉色清新爽朗而得名，與銘「殘月」的茶碗齊名。此茶碗的高臺富有茶趣，胴部帶有火痕，是一件充滿魅力的作品。
蕎麥茶碗 銘「殘月」
附屬品
箱：黑漆，蓋面以本阿彌光悅手書金粉字。
傳承：平瀨家收藏。
尺寸
高度：6.0～6.5 公分
口徑：16.6～16.8 公分
高臺直徑：6.2 公分
高臺高度：0.8～1.2 公分
重量：315 公克
「蕎麥」的由來
「蕎麥」原寫為「そば」，最初意指井戶旁側，後來訛借為蕎麥的漢字。在古箱上，有時可見標註「そば井戸」或「井戸そば」。蕎麥茶碗的造型具有一定的規範：一般呈平緩且略大的形態，口沿稍微內收，碗身內部深廣，底部平坦並帶有鏡落，外表呈現一層環狀突起。高臺低矮且寬大，胎質略厚，含砂質。釉色多為青釉，亦有黃、紅等變化，均與斗々屋風格相似。釉面帶有小斑點，因而得名「蕎麥斑」。見込み與高臺畳付處也常可見目跡，這些都是茶碗的規範特徵。
本阿弥光悅筆
「夏月」的特色
「夏月」為本手蕎麥茶碗中最為傑出的代表之一。其釉色呈現青與紅的火變，鮮明生動。碗底的環狀突起線條分明且變化有致，展現出此碗的藝術性。外表的淺黃色火變與雙條轆轤痕增添茶趣，而斷續的三角形火痕則極為罕見，為其獨特之處。
碗底至高臺呈現緋紅色，竹節狀的高臺更是亮點之一。高臺內的螺旋形紋路，與典型的「螺貝形收緊」設計一致，高臺畳付處亦有五個目跡。此外，內部的見込み廣闊，鏡落部分展示鮮明的緋紅火變，是此茶碗的核心亮點。
附屬箱與傳承茶碗的附屬箱為黑漆製，蓋面由本阿彌光悅以金粉字書寫「夏月」。據傳「夏月」原為光悅所藏，後傳至京都平瀨家，近年則由大阪某家收藏。
本手蕎麦茶碗「夏月」FAQ
什麼是蕎麦茶碗？ 蕎麦茶碗（蕎麦茶碗）是井戶茶碗的一種，亦稱為「蕎麦茶碗」或「蕎麦形茶碗」。據說它與井戶茶碗一同燒製，但其造型明顯反映茶人之喜好，因此被認為是「御木」（御木）的一種。
蕎麦茶碗的特徵是什麼？ 蕎麦茶碗一般呈平緩且寬大的造型，口沿微微內收。碗內部寬敞且平坦，帶有「鏡落」的特徵，即底部略微凹陷，形成外部的環狀突起。高台通常低矮且寬大，胎質厚實，含有砂質，與本手斗々屋風格相似。釉色多為青釉（稱為「青そば」），亦因燒製過程中的火變而呈現黃、紅等色澤，釉面常散布小斑點，稱為「蕎麦かす」（蕎麦斑）。此外，內部與高台常見環狀目跡，這些都是其風格的代表特徵。
什麼使「夏月」蕎麦茶碗與眾不同？
「夏月」（夏月）是一件極為出色的本手蕎麦茶碗，其鮮明的藍紅火變效果極具美感。環狀突起的造型展現出力量與柔和的完美平衡，是藝術性的一大體現。
其外部釉色呈現淺黃色火變，伴隨兩道轆轤痕跡，增添茶趣。此外，獨特的三角形火痕更增添其珍稀價值。碗底至高台過渡的緋紅色，以及竹節狀高台均為引人注目的特點。
「夏月」這個名稱有什麼含義，為何賦予此茶碗？
「夏月」意為「夏天之月」，此名稱源於茶碗釉色的清新與靜謐之美。特別是碗中心的鮮紅「鏡落」，猶如夏夜天空中漂浮的明月，因此得名。
「夏月」蕎麦茶碗的其他特徵有哪些？主要特徵包括：高台內部的螺旋紋路，遵循傳統的「螺貝形收緊」設計；高台畳付處五個明顯目跡；以及碗內部寬敞的紅斑釉色。「鏡落」中的五個環狀目跡也是此茶碗不可或缺的重要特色之一。
本阿彌光悅是誰？他與「夏月」有何關聯？
本阿彌光悅（本阿弥 光悦）是16至17世紀著名的日本藝術家、書法家和陶藝家，也是琳派藝術的創始人之一。
據傳，「夏月」蕎麦茶碗曾為光悅所持有，其附屬的黑漆箱蓋上刻有光悅手書金粉字「夏月」，為其重要的關聯證據。
「夏月」蕎麦茶碗的傳承來源是什麼？
「夏月」最初被認為由本阿彌光悅收藏，後傳至京都平瀬家。近年來，此茶碗已由大阪的私人藏家持有。
在哪裡可以看到「夏月」蕎麦茶碗？
由於「夏月」目前由私人藏家收藏，尚無公開展示。然而，可於有關日本陶瓷或茶道器物的出版物與學術研究中查閱相關資料與圖片。
本手蕎麦茶碗
井戸茶碗のそばに位し、井戸とともに焼成されたとする説もありますが、形姿には明らかに茶人の好みの反映がみられ、これも大きな意味での御木と考えることができましょう。蕎麦は形体に特色があります。高台まっすぐに立ち上がり、腰の下にふくらみをもち、胴で一度くびれ、外側に大きく開き、口辺でわずかに抱え込んでいます。「夏月」の銘は、釉調のさわやかなところからで、「残月」銘のものと双璧といわれています。高台の茶情、胴部の火間など、魅力に富む作品といえましょう。
《付属物》箱-金粉文字・書付本阿弥光悦筆
《伝来》平瀬家
《寸法》高さ6.0～6.5口径16.6～16.8 高台径6.2 同高さ0.8 重さ315
高さ：6.0cm口径：16.8cm高台外径：6.2cm同高さ：0.8～1.2cm
そばは、蕎麦とも書きます。本来は井戸の側の意味で、後世になってこれに蕎麦の字を当てたものといわれます。古い箱にもそば井戸とか、井戸そばとあるのを、ときに見かけます。しかし形のうえでは、蕎麦形りと称して一種の約束があります。
いったいに平らめ大ぶりで、端ぞりふうながら、口縁でいくぶんかかえ気味になります。茶碗のふところは広く、見込みは平らで鏡落ちがあり、したがって外面は裾で段ができています。また、高台低く、大ぶりなのが特徴です。素地は、やや厚手の砂まじりで、本手斗々屋ふう、釉も「地薬ととや薬のやうに出来」と『茶器目利集』にあるように、本手斗々屋の釉調とよぐ似ています。土見ず（総釉）で、たいていは青出来の、いわゆる青そばが多いですが、黄、赤、青など、本手斗々屋ふうの火替わりの出だものか賞美します。釉肌に小斑点が散在するところから、蕎麦かすの名も生まれています。見込みと高台屠つきに目があることも、約束になっています。また外面には、斗力屋ふうにぬた引きの小筋があります。
夏月は、この本手そばの中でも、ことにすぐれた代表的茶碗ですが、まず目を打つのは、あ置やかな青赤の火替わりの冴えた美しさと、本手約束の裾段が、強くかつ緩急の妙を尽くして、遺憾がないことです。黒塗り箱の蓋表に、光悦書き付けの金粉字形で「夏月」と書かれた銘は、おそらく見込みの鏡落ち一円の赤みを、周辺浅黄地の宵空に、大らかに浮かんだ夏の月と見立てての命銘かと思われます。
外面は、浅黄の火替わりに、二筋の轆轤（ろくろ）目が立って茶趣を添え、ことに断続する三角状の火間が、類をみぬ景となっています。かたわらの石はぜもまた妙趣を加えますが、ついで裾に至って、にわかに盛りあがり、ふくらむ段の強さは、そば名碗中でも、これに比肩するものを知ちぬほどで、夏月における作ゆきの、最大の魅力となっています。裾から高台にかけて、緋のごとき赤みがみごとで、片薄になった竹の節高台も、見どころの尤なるものです。高台内の渦巻きは、「サザイ尻ノ如クニ絞」るのをよしとする、本手そばの約束どおりです。高台畳つきには、これまた型のごとく五徳目が五つ見られます。内面周辺は、赤斑を交えた浅黄の火替わりで、いかにもふところが広く、あざやかな緋の火替わりを見せる見込みの鏡は、この一碗の見どころのかなめです。見込みの目跡五つも、約束どおりで、とくにこの茶碗の場合、不可欠の景ともなっています。
箱 黒塗、蓋表 本阿弥光悦書 金粉字形「夏月」
伝来はもと光悦所持とみられますが、のち京都平瀬家に伝来、近年は大阪某家の蔵となっています。（満岡忠成）
Honte Sobachawan
This tea bowl belongs to the category of Ido Chawan (Ido tea bowls) and is believed by some to have been fired alongside Ido ware. However, its form and appearance clearly reflect the preferences of tea practitioners, and it can be broadly classified as a type of "Gomoku" (御木).
The Sobachawan (buckwheat tea bowl) is distinguished by its unique shape: the foot rises straight, the lower waist slightly swells, the body tapers inward briefly, then flares outward dramatically, with the rim subtly curving inward. Its name, Natsugetsu (Summer Moon), derives from its refreshing and serene glaze, and it is regarded as a peer to the bowl named Zangetsu (Remaining Moon). This tea bowl features a foot imbued with tea aesthetics, a body marked by fire patterns, and is a work of great charm.
AccessoriesBox: Lacquered in black with gold powder calligraphy handwritten by Hon'ami Kōetsu.Provenance: Formerly in the possession of the Hirase family.
Dimensions
Height: 6.0–6.5 cm
Rim Diameter: 16.6–16.8 cm
Foot Diameter: 6.2 cm
Foot Height: 0.8–1.2 cm
Weight: 315 g
Origin of "Soba"
The term "Soba" was originally written as そば, meaning "beside the well," and was later associated with the kanji for buckwheat (蕎麥). In older boxes, it is occasionally labeled as Soba Ido or Ido Soba. The shape of Sobachawan follows certain conventions: generally flat and relatively large, with a slightly inward-curving rim. The bowl’s interior is wide and flat, featuring a slight depression known as a mirror fall, resulting in a step-like projection on the outer surface near the base. The foot is low and broad, a distinctive feature of these bowls.
The clay is relatively thick and mixed with sand, resembling the texture of Honte Dotoya ware. The glaze, as described in Chaki Mekikishū (Collection of Tea Utensil Evaluations), appears like "Dotoya ground glaze." Most bowls are entirely glazed (no exposed clay) and predominantly feature a bluish-green finish known as Aosoba, although yellow, red, and other colors can also appear due to firing variations, reminiscent of Dotoya ware. Small speckles on the glaze surface have given rise to the term Soba-kasu (buckwheat freckles). The interior and foot’s tatami areas often display circular marks, which are part of the defining characteristics of this style.
Features of Natsugetsu
Natsugetsu is one of the finest examples of Honte Sobachawan. Its vibrant fire effects in blue and red create a strikingly beautiful contrast. The stepped projection around the base exhibits both strength and subtlety, achieving a harmonious balance that is key to its artistic excellence.
The exterior displays pale yellow fire effects with two concentric rokuro (potter's wheel) lines that enhance its charm. Particularly notable are the triangular fire marks, which form a rare and captivating pattern. The scattered stone bursts further enrich its texture. Toward the base, the pronounced swelling and bold step create a dramatic flair that is unparalleled among Sobachawan.
The transition from the base to the foot reveals a stunning reddish hue, while the bamboo-node-shaped foot is another highlight. The spiral grooves inside the foot adhere to the classic Sobachawan design resembling a “spiraled turban shell.” The tatami ring on the foot displays five distinct marks, a standard feature of Honte Sobachawan.
The interior rim combines pale yellow fire effects with red speckles, showcasing a wide and inviting depth. The mirror fall at the center, with its vivid fire-red variation, is the focal point of this piece. The five circular marks within the mirror fall are also a signature feature, enhancing the bowl’s unique charm.
Box and Provenance
The accompanying box is lacquered in black, with its lid inscribed in gold powder characters by Hon'ami Kōetsu, reading Natsugetsu. It is believed to have originally been in Kōetsu’s possession, later passing to the Hirase family in Kyoto, and in recent years, it has been held by a private collector in Osaka.
Honte Sobachawan "Natsugetsu" FAQ
1. What is a Sobachawan?
A Sobachawan (蕎麦茶碗), or buckwheat tea bowl, is a specific type of Japanese tea bowl categorized under Ido Chawan. It's believed to have been fired alongside Ido ware, yet it features unique characteristics that reflect the preferences of tea practitioners, thus considered a type of "Gomoku" (御木).
2. What are the defining characteristics of a Sobachawan?
Sobachawan are generally flat and wide, with a slightly inward-curving rim. The interior is spacious and flat, featuring a "mirror fall" – a slight depression that creates a step-like projection on the outer surface near the base. The foot is typically low and wide. The clay is thick and mixed with sand, resembling Honte Dotoya ware. The glaze often features a bluish-green finish ("Aosoba"), but variations in yellow, red, and other colors can occur due to firing. Small speckles, called "Soba-kasu," are common on the glaze. Circular marks are frequently found on the interior and foot, further distinguishing this style.
3. What makes the Natsugetsu Sobachawan unique?
The Natsugetsu (夏月) is a particularly exceptional Honte Sobachawan. Its vibrant blue and red fire effects create a striking aesthetic. The stepped projection around the base showcases a perfect balance of strength and subtlety, demonstrating artistic excellence.
The exterior features pale yellow fire effects with two rokuro lines (marks from the potter's wheel) that add to its charm. Unique triangular fire marks further enhance its appeal. The reddish hue transitioning from the base to the bamboo-node-shaped foot is another remarkable feature.
4. What does the name "Natsugetsu" mean and why was it given to this tea bowl?
"Natsugetsu" (夏月) translates to "Summer Moon." The name is inspired by the bowl's refreshing and serene glaze and is likely a reference to the vivid red "mirror fall" at the center of the bowl, resembling a summer moon against the pale yellow background.
5. What are some of the other key features of the Natsugetsu Sobachawan?
Key features include the spiral grooves inside the foot (following the traditional "spiraled turban shell" design), five distinct marks on the foot's tatami ring, and the wide interior with red speckles. Five circular marks within the "mirror fall" are also characteristic of this specific tea bowl, contributing to its unique charm.
6. Who is Hon'ami Kōetsu and what is his connection to the Natsugetsu?
Hon'ami Kōetsu (本阿弥 光悦) was a renowned Japanese artist, calligrapher, and potter who lived during the late 16th and early 17th centuries. He is known for his contributions to Japanese aesthetics and the founding of the Rinpa school of art.
Kōetsu is connected to the Natsugetsu Sobachawan as he is believed to have been its original owner. The accompanying box for the bowl is lacquered in black and features his inscription "Natsugetsu" in gold powder calligraphy on the lid.
7. What is the provenance of the Natsugetsu Sobachawan?
The Natsugetsu's provenance can be traced back to Hon'ami Kōetsu. It was later passed down to the Hirase family in Kyoto. In recent years, it has been in the possession of a private collector in Osaka.
8. Where can I see the Natsugetsu Sobachawan?
As the Natsugetsu Sobachawan is currently in a private collection, it is not publicly accessible. However, details and images may be available in publications or scholarly works on Japanese ceramics and tea ceremony utensils.
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