茶入筆記 vol.54 野村美術館：唐物大海茶入 - Nomura Museum, Karamono Daikai Chaire

野村美術館此件「大海茶入」為南宋十三世紀福建地區所燒造的茶入。其實物體量在同類大海茶入之中屬於碩大者，並因口徑寬廣而得名。

The Daikai tea caddy in the Nomura Museum was produced in Fujian province during the Southern Song dynasty (13th century). Among extant examples of this type, it is relatively large in scale, and its name derives from the vessel’s wide mouth.

宋大海茶入

時代|南宋（13世紀）

産地｜中国・福建省

Tea caddy. "Daikai" type.

Southern Sung Dynasty, China. 13th.c.

相對而言，尺寸較小者稱為「小大海」，亦有「內海」之稱。然而在近世，真正使用「大海」茶入的情況已日漸稀少，因此「大海」「小大海」之間的區別也趨於模糊。

口沿收束而具緊張感，翻口之勢強烈；頸下部鼓張，底部則採「板起し」（板狀捏製）工法。器身可見所謂「胴紐」之線條，但並非分作上下兩段後再拼接，而是一次成形後，以刻劃線條表現而成。此技法突顯南宋福建窯器工藝的獨特性。

收藏家背景

野村得庵（1878–1945），本名野村德七（二代），大阪出身。其父為両替商，27歲時繼承家業「野村德七商店」。大正7年（1918）創立野村銀行（今りそな銀行），1925年將證券部門獨立為野村證券，進而奠定野村財閥之基礎。除金融業外，亦於印尼與巴西經營農場，拓展海外事業。

其嗜茶之道，師承藪内流，昭和5年（1930）更由藪内家第十一代竹窓授與「皆傳」，成為正式傳承者之一。另亦習觀世流能樂，並愛好陶藝、書畫與騎馬。作為實業家之外，亦曾任貴族院選任議員，並參與創設日仏文化協會。因其對日法文化交流之貢獻，曾受法國政府授予「榮譽軍團勳章」。

Tea caddy. "Daikai" type.

Southern Sung Dynasty, China. 13th.c.

This Daikai type tea caddy, produced in Fujian province during the Southern Song dynasty (13th century), belongs to the category of relatively large tea caddies, distinguished by its wide mouth from which its name derives. Smaller variants were historically referred to as shō-daikai (“small Daikai”) or uchiumi (“inner sea”), though in later times the actual use of Daikai caddies became increasingly uncommon, and the distinctions among these subtypes have gradually faded.

The mouth is tightly constricted with a pronounced everted lip. The lower section of the neck is swollen, and the base was constructed using the ita-okoshi (slab-built) technique. A line resembling a cord (dōhimo) is visible on the body, but this is not the result of joining two separately made sections; rather, the vessel was thrown as a single form and subsequently incised with a carved line. This feature underscores the distinctive craftsmanship of Fujian kilns during the Southern Song period.

Collector Profile

Nomura Tokuan (1878–1945), originally known as Nomura Tokushichi II, was born in Osaka and succeeded to the family business of money exchange at the age of 27. In 1918 he founded the Nomura Bank (present-day Resona Bank), and in 1925 separated the securities division to establish Nomura Securities, thereby laying the foundation of the Nomura financial conglomerate. Beyond finance, he expanded into overseas ventures, including agricultural enterprises in Indonesia and Brazil.

A devoted practitioner of the tea ceremony, Tokuan studied under the Yabunouchi school and in 1930 received full transmission (kaiden) from Yabunouchi Chikusō XI. He also pursued the Kanze style of Noh drama, and cultivated interests in ceramics, calligraphy, painting, and horseback riding. In addition to his role as an industrialist, he served as an appointed member of the House of Peers and contributed to the establishment of the Japan-France Cultural Association. In recognition of his achievements in fostering Franco-Japanese cultural exchange, he was awarded the Légion d’Honneur by the French government.

宋大海茶入

時代|南宋（13世紀）

産地｜中国・福建省

Tea caddy. "Daikai" type.

Southern Sung Dynasty, China. 13th.c.

茶入としてはやや大ぶりでしかも口の広いことからの名称とされ、小ぶりのものを小大海、あるいは内海というともいわれるが、現在では大海そのものがあまり使用されることが少なく、その区別も判然としなくなっている。口造りは引き締まってひねり返しは強く、識の下部が張り、底は板起しである。胴紐が見られるが、上下を別々に作って継ぎ合わせたのではなく、一体成形した後に付けた彫り線である。

野村得庵

Nomura Tokuan

1878-1945

二代目野村徳七。実業家。数寄者。大阪生まれ。

27歳の時に父から両替商「野村徳七商店」の家督を相続、大正7（1918）年に野村銀行（現りそな銀行）を設立、同14（1925） 年証券部を野村證券株式会社として独立させる。金融業のほか、インドネシアやブラジルでの農場経営など海外事業も展開し、野村財閥を築き上げた。

茶の湯は、藪内流を嗜んだ。その後昭和5（1930）年には、藪内家 11代・竹窓より“皆伝”を授かるまでに至る。能楽は観世流を嗜み、その他作陶・書画・乗馬なども楽しんだ。

実業家のほか貴族院撰議員としても活躍。また日仏文化協会設立にも尽力した功績により、フランス政府よりレジオンドヌール勲章を授与されている。