此件「本願寺鶴首茶入」以其精緻工藝及獨特釉面景致，堪稱唐物茶入之名品，無愧為收藏家與茶道愛好者心目中的珍寶。
唐物 本願寺鶴首茶入
雜記
鶴首茶入因其長頸形狀而得名，其工藝品中既有底部設有圓座者，也有無圓座者。（摘錄自《茶湯正傳集》）
鶴首，此名意在形容茶入長頸之狀。茶入本體呈赤土色，口部作拈返樣式，表面通常有細緻纖薄的線條，釉料呈赤色，覆蓋部分有胡麻釉，釉面星星點點，是鶴首茶入的一大特色。手鑑中提到，水滴、弦付、首付、柿、鶴首等形制都各具特色，其中也包含黑釉、切釉等類型，其精工細緻即使為瀨戶燒，亦與唐物工藝無異，這類形制向來價值不菲。（摘錄自《萬寶全書》及《辨玉集》）
鶴首茶入為漢代遺形，其製作時代與鍋屋肩衝相近，但相較於鍋屋肩衝，即便藥立工藝相似，其年代稍遜一籌。（摘錄自松平不味《潮戶陶器濫觴》）
實見記
大正九年（1920年）5月19日，於京都市下京區七條東本願寺觀察。
此茶入的口部採拈返蒲鉾形，邊緣自內向外呈圓潤曲線，底部邊緣呈溝狀。一道凹槽繞於口緣與頸部間，其線條略有間斷。胴體自頸部向下逐漸豐滿，底部設有圓座，圓座外緣露出窄窄的土胎，底部大致為平面，邊緣部分顯露些許細線般的窪痕。
釉面呈深紫色，口緣至胴體外延展覆黑飴釉，形成瀑布般的釉流效果，其垂落至圓座邊緣時聚集成釉溜，釉溜處顯現青瑠璃色。正面釉流右側另有一處短釉流，其釉溜亦呈現青瑠璃色。兩處釉流之間的釉面裸露，呈現柿色金屬光澤，極富趣味。
內部從口緣釉流一路延至頸部線條，轆轤痕跡均勻清晰，底部中央稍有內凹。此鶴首茶入為大型作品，形制雄渾壯麗，迄今未見與之匹敵者。
鶴首形唐物茶入常見問答
什麼是鶴首茶入？
鶴首茶入是一種以長頸形狀命名的茶道器具，其造型如同鶴的頸部。此種樣式起源於中國宋代。
鶴首茶入的主要特徵是什麼？
鶴首茶入通常以赤土胎製成，口部稍微內捲，表面帶有細緻的薄線裝飾，並覆蓋帶有白色斑點的胡麻釉（芝麻釉）。部分茶入底部有圓座，而另一些則無此設計。
鶴首茶入與鍋屋肩衝相比，在歷史意義上有何不同？
這兩種樣式的製作時期相近，但鍋屋肩衝在歷史意義和品質上被認為稍勝一籌，即使二者的施釉技術相似。
什麼是「本願寺鶴首茶入」？
「本願寺鶴首茶入」是一件極為大型且工藝卓越的鶴首茶入。它以深紫釉為主，並伴隨黑飴釉從口緣如瀑布般流下，於底部聚釉，形成帶有青瑠璃色的景致。此茶入被認為是鶴首茶入中的傑作，深受收藏家喜愛。
鶴首茶入有哪種類型的釉面？
除了典型的胡麻釉外，鶴首茶入也可見黑釉或切釉的裝飾，進一步提升了其美感與價值。
所有的鶴首茶入都屬於「唐物」嗎？
雖然鶴首樣式起源於中國（「唐物」意指來自中國的器物），但日本，特別是瀨戶，也製作鶴首茶入。來自中國與日本的高品質作品均備受推崇。
「本願寺鶴首茶入」的內部有何特點？
此茶入內部可見清晰均勻的轆轤痕跡，圓滑而有層次，底部略呈內凹，展現出手工製作的質感與魅力。
為什麼鶴首茶入被高度評價？
鶴首茶入因其歷史價值、優雅的造型、精緻的工藝與獨特的釉面而備受珍視。這些特點使其成為茶道愛好者與收藏家的夢幻藏品。
唐物 鶴首茶入
雑記
鶴頭の茶入は頭の長き故名付たり、上手の物も、圓座の有も、なきもあり。
（茶湯正傳集）
鶴首 此名、外に心なし、茶入の首長き故なり。土赤、口捻返し事常なり、糸切華奢なり、地薬赤色なり、上薬は胡麻薬白き星あり、
此茶入の一景なり。手鑑に日く、水滴、弦付、首付、柿、鶴首、是等は何にもあり、黒薬切などもあり、小手と云と唐物同作なり、
又瀬戸にても燒、唐物にてもあり、何にても此形は代高値なり。
（万寶全書及び辨玉集）
鶴首 漢なり。鍋屋肩衝と同時代なり、鍋屋肩衝と比べて、薬立同時代と雖も時代劣る。
（松平不味著潮戶陶器濫觴）
實見記
大正九年五月十九日、京都市下京區七條東本願寺に於て質見す。口作拈り返し蒲鉾形にて内より外に丸味を取り、其裏面溝状を成す、
口緣下頸部に胴體に、沈筋各一線を繞らし、其中一部途切れたる者あり、胴以下丸く張り、圓座にて其周園に狭く土を見せ、底大部
分平面にて、隅の方に少しく絲切を現はす、釉質濃紫色にて、黒飴釉口縁廻りよりなだれ掛り、置形長きナダレー筋圓座際に至りて、
釉溜り厚く、其中に青瑠璃色を現はせり、此置形に向つて右の方に同じく黒釉の短きーナダレありて其釉溜りに青瑠璃色あり、比長短
二線の間に、柿金氣色ヌケ面白き景色を成す者あり、内部口縁釉掛り、一筋なだれ頸筋下に達し、轆轤目キリくと廻り、底中央少しく窪めり、鶴首の最大形にて堂々たる大作、他に其比類を見ざる者なり。
Tsurukubi-Style Karamono Tea Caddy
Miscellaneous Notes
The "Tsurukubi" tea caddy is named for its elongated neck, reminiscent of a crane's neck. Among fine examples, some feature a circular foot, while others do not.(Excerpt from "Chayu Sho-den Shu")
The name "Tsurukubi" refers to the long neck of the tea caddy. The body is reddish earthenware, with a slightly inverted lip resembling a "hand fan" shape. The surface often displays thin, delicate lines. The clay is red-hued, and the glaze is a sesame glaze with speckled white dots, which is a characteristic of Tsurukubi caddies. According to historical records, forms such as "Water Droplets," "Strapped Neck," "Long Neck," "Persimmon," and "Tsurukubi" are highly valued. These types sometimes feature black glazes or cut-glaze finishes. Such craftsmanship, whether in Seto ware or Karamono pieces, is of exceptional quality and commands high market value.(Excerpt from "Manpo Zensho" and "Bengyoku Shu")
The Tsurukubi tea caddy originates from the Han dynasty. While its production era coincides with that of the Nabeya Katatsuki, its overall quality, though similar in glaze application, is considered slightly inferior in terms of historical significance.(Excerpt from Matsudaira Fumai's "Shiodo Tokki Ramsho")
Observational Notes
May 19, 1920 (Taisho 9): Observed at Higashi Hongan-ji Temple, Shimogyo Ward, Kyoto City.
The lip of the tea caddy is slightly inverted, with a semi-circular curve that transitions smoothly outward. The underside of the lip forms a groove-like structure. A single incised line encircles the area below the lip and neck, though it is slightly broken in places. The body swells gracefully downward, terminating in a circular foot. The foot's rim is narrow, revealing a slim band of exposed clay. The base is predominantly flat, with faint traces of fine striations near the edges.
The glaze is a deep purple, with black ame-yu (caramel glaze) flowing from the rim over the body in streaks resembling cascading waterfalls. These streaks pool thickly at the base, revealing patches of azure blue. On the right side of the main glaze flow, a shorter streak also ends in a pool of blue glaze. Between these two flows, a bare patch of persimmon-hued metallic sheen creates an intriguing visual effect.
Inside the caddy, the glaze extends from the lip down to the neck groove. The potter's wheel marks are clearly visible, circling neatly around the interior. The center of the base is slightly concave.
This Tsurukubi tea caddy is exceptionally large and majestic, standing out as a masterwork unparalleled in its form and craftsmanship.
The "Hongan-ji Tsurukubi Chaire" exemplifies the finest in Karamono tea caddies, celebrated for its meticulous craftsmanship and striking glaze aesthetics. It remains a treasured masterpiece for collectors and tea enthusiasts alike.
Tsurukubi-Style Karamono Tea Caddy FAQ
What is a Tsurukubi tea caddy?
A Tsurukubi tea caddy is a type of Karamono tea container named for its long, slender neck, resembling that of a crane (tsuru). This style originates from the Song dynasty in China.
What are the key features of a Tsurukubi tea caddy?
Tsurukubi tea caddies typically have a reddish earthenware body with a slightly inverted lip. They often feature delicate, thin lines on the surface and a distinctive sesame glaze with speckled white dots. Some have a circular foot while others do not.
How does the Tsurukubi tea caddy compare to the Nabeya Katatsuki in terms of historical significance?
Both styles were produced around the same period. However, the Nabeya Katatsuki is considered to be of slightly higher historical significance and quality compared to the Tsurukubi, even though the glaze application techniques are similar.
What is the "Hongan-ji Tsurukubi Chaire"?
The "Hongan-ji Tsurukubi Chaire" is a specific, exceptionally large and well-crafted Tsurukubi tea caddy. It is renowned for its deep purple glaze with black ame-yu (caramel glaze) flowing in streaks that resemble waterfalls, pooling at the base and revealing azure blue accents. This caddy is considered a masterpiece and is highly sought after by collectors.
What types of glaze finishes are found on Tsurukubi tea caddies?
Besides the characteristic sesame glaze, Tsurukubi tea caddies can also feature black glazes or cut-glaze finishes, further increasing their aesthetic value.
Are all Tsurukubi tea caddies considered "Karamono"?
While the style originates from China ("Karamono" refers to Chinese-style wares), Tsurukubi tea caddies were also produced in Japan, particularly in Seto. High-quality examples from both origins are highly valued.
What makes the interior of the "Hongan-ji Tsurukubi Chaire" unique?
The interior of this specific caddy showcases clearly visible potter's wheel marks circling neatly, with a slightly concave base. This contributes to its overall handcrafted appeal and value.
Why are Tsurukubi tea caddies so highly valued?
Tsurukubi tea caddies are treasured for their historical significance, elegant form, delicate craftsmanship, and unique glaze aesthetics. The combination of these features makes them desirable pieces for both tea practitioners and collectors.
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