拍賣筆記 vol.253 哈利·戛納爵士、R.F.A 里埃斯科：2002萬港元成交，南宋官窯（哥窯）花口洗 - Sir Harry Garner & R.F.A Riesco, A Guan or Ge Mallow-Shaped Lobed Washer, Southern Song Dynasty, Sold for 20.02m HKD, Christie's HK 2025

這件南宋官窯八棱葵瓣洗，出身顯赫，傳承自英國著名收藏家哈利·戛納爵士（Sir Harry Garner）與R.F.A. 里埃斯科（R.F.A. Riesco），為南宋修內司官窯（老虎洞窯）典型之作。其灰青釉色溫潤如玉，開片細密勻稱，六枚支釘痕清晰可辨，器形八瓣如葵，寓清正端潔之意，堪稱官窯美學的典範。此類作品多見於台北故宮與大英博物館藏，市場流通極為稀罕。本器歷經多次倫敦蘇富比拍場，最終以港幣二千零二十萬元成交，印證經典官釉器於學術與收藏兩界的持久價值與地位。

This exceptional Southern Song Guan mallow-shaped washer, once in the distinguished collections of Sir Harry Garner and R.F.A. Riesco, epitomizes the refined aesthetics of the Xiuneisi (Palace Maintenance Office) kilns—commonly identified with the Laohudong kiln in Hangzhou. The lustrous greyish-blue glaze, densely suffused with fine russet crackles, and the precisely arranged six spur marks on the base, reveal the consummate craftsmanship characteristic of imperial Guan ware. Comparable examples reside in the National Palace Museum, Taipei, and the British Museum, underscoring the rarity of such a masterpiece in private hands. Having appeared in several major Sotheby’s London sales, the washer achieved an impressive HKD 20,020,000, reaffirming its status as a benchmark of Southern Song imperial ceramics in both scholarship and connoisseurship.

愛蓮堂珍藏

南宋 官窯八棱葵瓣洗

SOUTHERN SONG DYNASTY (1127-1279)

成交價

港元 20,020,000

估價

港元 5,000,000 – 港元 8,000,000

4 3⁄4 in. (12.1 cm.) diam.

來源

Harry Garner爵士（1891-1977）

R.F.A 里埃斯科（1877-1964），希斯菲爾德，英國， 1952年入藏

克羅伊登市珍藏

倫敦蘇富比，1984年12月11日，拍品206號

倫敦蘇富比，1995年12月5日，拍品246號

倫敦蘇富比，2003年6月12日，拍品104號

出版

R.F.A 里埃斯科，《Oriental China No.1: Riesco Collection》，頁35

The Ai Lian Tang Collection

AN EXCEPTIONAL GUAN MALLOW-SHAPED LOBED WASHER

SOUTHERN SONG DYNASTY (1127-1279)

拍品專文

八瓣葵花形，臥底無足。通體滿釉，釉色灰青，滿佈細密開片，底部一圈六枚圓點狀支釘。口緣釉薄處呈鐵灰色。

北宋末年，金軍攻破汴京（今開封），徽欽二帝被俘，北宋滅亡，宋室南遷，定都臨安（今杭州），史稱南宋。此時的宋室，需要延續政權的正統性，於臨安重建北宋制度，因此南宋官窯於紹興十四年（1144）正式成立。

史籍曾提及兩個南宋官窯，一處為郊壇下官窯，考古學家於1930年代已確定其窯址位於杭州市郊烏龜山，以及修內司官窯。目前多數認為，1996年在杭州鳳凰山附近所發現的老虎洞窯，即為修内司官窯。

本洗的器形及支燒點的特徵，與老虎洞窯址出土的一件八棱葵瓣洗殘件相當類似，見《杭州老虎洞窯址器精選》，北京，2002年，頁155，圖版123。清宮傳世品中亦不乏此類作品，周壁為六、八、九、十、十六不等，其中以八瓣最為常見，如台北故宮博物院藏品：故瓷008673N000000000（口徑12公分）及故瓷017456N000000000（口徑12.4公分，底9公分），兩件底部皆有六枚支釘痕。

另比較台北故宮博物院藏一件官窯十棱葵瓣洗，見故瓷017145N000000000，其底部亦有六個支釘痕，片紋、釉色與此洗尤其接近（口徑11.7*11.5公分，高3.4公分）。類似的官窯葵瓣洗亦見於大英博物館大維德基金會，比較一件八棱洗，尺寸較小，底部儘有五個支釘痕（PDF 30，口徑9.9公分，底徑7.8公分），片紋、釉色亦與此十分類似。

此類官窯洗多為博物館藏品，於流通領域中十分罕見。加納爵士曾收藏另一件官窑十棱葵瓣洗，後由賽穆旼遞藏，其於香港佳士得2016年6月1日拍賣，拍品3126號。

Price realised

HKD 20,020,000

Estimate

HKD 5,000,000 – HKD 8,000,000

AN EXCEPTIONAL GUAN MALLOW-SHAPED LOBED WASHER

SOUTHERN SONG DYNASTY (1127-1279)

4 3⁄4 in. (12.1 cm.) diam.

PROVENANCE

Sir Harry Garner (1891-1977)

The collection of R.F.A Riesco (1877-1964), Heathfield, UK, acquired in 1952

The collection of the Corporation of Croydon

Sold at Sotheby's London, 11 December 1984, lot 206

Sold at Sotheby's London, 5 December 1995, lot 246

Sold at Sotheby's London, 12 June 2003, lot 104

The brush washer is potted with eight lobes, each in the shape of a mallow petal, flaring from a slightly recessed base with six spur marks, covered overall with a thick greyish-blue glaze suffused with a dense network of russet crackles thinning on the mouth rim.

Following the fall of the Northern Song dynasty in 1127, the Song court relocated to Lin’an (modern Hangzhou), marking the beginning of the Southern Song dynasty. To maintain the legitimacy of their rule, the Southern Song government reestablished many of the institutions inherited from the Northern Song court. As part of this effort, the Southern Song imperial kilns were set up in Hangzhou in the fourteenth year of the Shaoxing reign (1144).

Two kiln sites producing Guan (official) wares are mentioned in the texts. One of these is the Jiaotanxia (Beneath the Sacrificial Altar) kiln, which was located by archaeologists on Wuguishan (Turtle Hill) in the suburbs of Hangzhou in the 1930s. However, an earlier kiln is mentioned in literature, and has traditionally been credited with the finest Guan ware: this is the Xiuneisi (The Palace Maintenance Office) kiln, which most scholars today believe is the kiln site discovered near Fenghuang Hill in Hangzhou in 1996 — commonly referred to as the Laohudong Kiln.

The form and spur marks of the present washer closely resemble to those of a fragmentary eight-lobed washer unearthed at the Laohudong kiln site. See Hangzhou Laohudong yaozhi ciqi jingxuan, Beijing, 2002, p. 155, no. 123, suggesting that the present washer was likely produced at the same site.

Several Guan mallow-form washers are preserved in the Qing court collection, which are found with six-, eight, nine-, ten-, or sixteen-lobed rims, with the eight-lobed form being the most popular. See two Guan eight-lobed washers in the National Palace Museum, Taipei, Guci008673N000000000 (12 cm. diam.), and Guci017456N000000000 (12.4 cm. diam.), both with six spur marks on the base; and a Guan ten-lobed washer, Guci017145N000000000 (fig.2), also with six spur marks, that shares a very similar pattern pf crackles and glaze colour to the present washer. Compare also with a smaller Guan eight-lobed washer (9.9 cm. diam.) with similar crackles and glaze in the Percival David Foundation at the British Museum (PDF30), which only has five spur marks on the base, perhaps due to its smaller size.

It is extremely rare to find a Guan washer in private hands. A similar Guan ten-lobed washer from the collections of Sir Harry and Lady Garner, then Dr Mortimer D. Sackler was sold at Christie’s Hong Kong, Classical Chinese Art from the Sui to the Song Dynasties, 1 June 2016, lot 3126.